THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

by DR. Wei-Penu Zhao
The respiratory system is made up of the nose, pharynx. trachea, bronchioles and alveoli. Actually the route from nose to bronchioles is an air passage. The gas exchange per se in reality occurs in alveoli. The alveoli act as a thin membrane through which oxygen is inspired and carbon dioxide is expired.

For this reason how the respiratory system works depend upon the functional status of the long air passage and the pulmonary alveoli. Inflammation is the most common cause of respiratory diseases. It causes the thickening (swollen) of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchi, increase of secretion and contraction smooth muscle layer of trachea. The final result is that the airway narrowed, vital volume of respiration reduced, inspiration of oxygen and expiration of carbon dioxide obstructed. Moreover, the sputum which is the mixture of mucus and inflammatory exudate stimulates the nerve ending of the wall of air way and results coughing.

Congenital bronchial anomaly may cause bronchiectasis which in turn hinders normal ventilation as it should do normally, and the bronchitis can worsen ventilation. Such people are prone to have inflammation which further worsen the originally narrow passage of air exchange and edema. The efficient air exchange function is further reduced. On the other hand, the thickening of alveoli due to inflammation reduce the air exchange function, so the patient has anoxia, cyanosis, short of breath, palpitations, etc. The cascade develops from respiratory system to cardiovascular system and even to brain and nervous system, in a word, it is anoxia.

In addition, there is a ciliated layer in the tracheal passage to propel mucus and foreign particles. However, in case there is bronchitis, bronchiectasis, etc., the cilia function is much reduced. The impaired function make the control of inflammation more difficult.

There are a certain proportion of people suffer from allergic asthma, either congenital or acquired, resulting spastic narrow bronchi. The formation of this process is similar to what described above. The tradition Chinese medicine is use expectorant and anti-inflammatory drug to keep the passage of respiratory tract free, so that sputum is easily expectorated and the inflammation is resolved. However, due to the existence of etiological factors, it is very difficult to reach this goal.

For those who have these disorders in the respiratory system, if they insist to do aerobic exercise, then the whole musculature, skeleton and joints will have rhythmic movement; in addition, the visceral organs have the same movement too. The spastic bronchial wall muscle will be relaxed, and the cilia on the bronchiole tube recover its ciliate movement, and eventually the sputum is easily expectorated out, and the respiratory tract is gradually recovered. The process is, on the one hand, resulted from mechanic movement, somewhat similarly to the massage of viscera to induce the relaxation of spastic smooth muscle. On the other hand, after the aerobic exercise, the relaxation of visceral vegetative nerves can be attained, and the balance can be readjusted, so that sputum is more easy to be expelled out and the inflammation is easy under control. The final result is a free and healthy respiratory tract can be maintained or recovered.

Therefore, for all those who frequently suffer cold, bronchitis, asthma and bronchiectasis, if they can insist to make aerobic exercise, it will be very helpful to their recovery of the function of respiratory system. Needless to say, the patients have to make exercise to recover his respiratory function, to improve his vital capacity, in conjunction with appropriate treatment such as taking expectorant and anti-inflammatory drug. If so, it can be expected that the respiratory system may gradually become healthy.

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